Corso di Laurea in Infermieristica - Asti

KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING

Identify the structures of eukaryotic cells, the cellular devices that regulate transport across the biological membranes, the structure of nucleic acids and the mechanisms by which duplication, transcription and translation take place.

- Classify the different types of mutations and their pathological consequences

- Describe and learn about the principles of Mendelian genetics and the exceptions

- Classify and descibe lipids, carbohydrates, proteins and nucleotides, according to their structure and their physico-chemical properties

- Understand the role of enzymes, cofactors and their enzymatic regulation

- Understand the concepts of metabolism, catabolism and anabolism

- Describe and classify the different metabolic pathways of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins, and understand their regulation

APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING

Identify the anatomical reference planes and utilize the correct terminology for describing the anatomical structures present in the human body.

- Describe the anatomical systems, identify morpho-functional properties of organs, and acquire familiarity with anatomical variations and age-related anatomical changes .

- The structure of the eukaryotic cell: structure and composition of the plasma membrane with description of the phospholipids and the membrane proteins; the endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, mitochondria, nucleus and the cytoskeleton

- Transport of molecules and cell signaling: Cell membranes regulate the exchange of substances between the cell and the microenvironment, cell adhesive processes and the capture of environmental stimuli. Examples of cell signaling mechanisms triggered by hormones and growth factors.

- the structure of DNA and its replication.

- The concepts of gene and gene expression: RNA transcription; Structure and function of ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA and messenger RNA. Non-coding RNAs and their biological roles.

- The genetic code and the translation of meseenger RNA (protein synthesis).

- Structure of chromosomes. Mitosis, Meiosis, the cell cycle and its regulation. Cell death.

- Mendel's laws.

- Hereditary transmission of dominant, recessive and x-linked genetic characters and examples of hereditary diseases with these transmission modalities.

- Classification of the different types of mutations and their molecular and biological consequences.

Module 2: BIOCHEMISTRY

- Elements, atoms and molecules. Atomic structure, atomic and molecular weight, mole. Periodic table. Chemical bonds. Definition of acid and base, and concentrations. The pH. Buffering systems of biological interest

- Structural  biochemistry: classification, structure and chemical-physical properties of glycides, lipids, amino acids and proteins, nucleotides

- Enzymes, cofactors, enzyme inhibitors, enzymatic regulation

- Principles of bioenergetics, ATP, redox reactions in biochemistry, citric acid cycle and mitochondrial respiration

- Metabolic biochemistry: metabolism, catabolism and anabolism, elements of glycids, lipids and aminoacid metabolism

Module 3: ANATOMY

- Anatomical Planes and Terminology. Organs and Systems. Body regions and body cavities. Serous membranes and cavities.     

- Musculoskeletal system: main osteoarticular and muscular districts of head, trunk and limbs.       

- Cardiovascular system: heart and pericardium, systemic and pulmonary circulation, portal systems, fetal circulation. Major arteries, veins and lymphatic ducts.   

- Emolymphatic system: bone marrow, thymus spleen, lymph nodes, diffuse lymphatic tissue.                   

- Respiratory system: upper and lower airways, lungs and pleura.       

- Digestive system: oral cavity and salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestine, liver and biliary tract, pancreas.           

- Urinary system: kidneys and urinary tract.               

- Female reproductive system: ovaries, genital tracts, external genital organs.       

- Male reproductive system: testicles, sperm ducts, external genital organs. 

- Endocrine system: diffuse endocrine system, neurosecretory hypothalamic nuclei, pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, pancreatic islets, adrenal glands.   

- Central ervous system: generanl organization of the brain and spinal cord, meninges, ventricles and cerebrospinal fluid. Sensory and motor pathways.           

- Peripheral nervous system: receptors, spinal nerves and cranial nerves. Autonomic nervous system.